Trade-offs, co-benefits and safeguards: Current debates on the breadth of REDD+.

摘要: Fundamental trade-offs exist between different land uses for carbon, livelihoods, economic development, biodiversity, agriculture and energy (especially biofuels). This article analyses the scientific debates on REDD+ trade-offs, co-benefits safeguards, shows how development expanded scope of mechanisms have shaped these over time. We find substantial evidence that non-carbon values biodiversity conservation, equity sustainable livelihoods are critical to both legitimacy effectiveness REDD+, argue they therefore better viewed as prerequisites than be safeguarded. Scientists can contribute a more integrative through interdisciplinary research ‘learning architecture’ supports policy process with dedicated finding durable solutions.