Circulating FGF21 Levels in Human Health and Metabolic Disease.

摘要: Human fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is primarily produced and secreted by the liver as a hepatokine. This hormone circulates to its target tissues (e. g., brain, adipose tissue), which requires two components, one of preferred FGF receptor isoforms (FGFR1c FGFR3c) co-factor beta-Klotho (KLB) trigger downstream signaling pathways. Although targeting FGF21 in humans analogues agonists results beneficial effects, e. g., improvements plasma lipids decreased body weight, it failed recapitulate glucose handling shown for many mouse models. FGF21’s role metabolic effects mice therapeutic potential have extensively been reviewed elsewhere. In this review we focus on circulating levels their associations with disease clinical parameters, focusing obesity obesity-associated diseases such type-2 diabetes. We provide comprehensive overview human under normal physiology disease. discuss emerging field inactivating blood activation protein (FAP) implications.