Phylogenetic study of the Characinae (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae)

摘要: The Characinae is a subunit of the Characidae special significance in including Charax, type genus family and order Characiformes. Twelve genera 79 species have been traditionally assigned to Characinae, but subfamily still lacks phylogenetic diagnosis. Herein, data matrix 150 morphological characters 64 taxa (35 representing all 29 included other lineages within Characiformes) was submitted two cladistic analyses that differ inclusion/exclusion Priocharax due difficulty coding most character states miniature this genus. Both resulted non-monophyletic herein restricted only seven original 12 forming clade (Phenacogaster((Charax Roeboides)(Acanthocharax(Cynopotamus(Acestrocephalus Galeocharax))))), which supported by ten non-ambiguous synapomorphies more closely related than those placed subfamily. A second includes members tribe Heterocharacini (Lonchogenys(Heterocharax Hoplocharax)) as sister-group Gnathocharax, synapomorphies. This taxon formed Roestes Gilbertolus based on Results do not corroborate close relationship between Roestes–Gilbertolus Cynodontinae. Inclusion suggests it Heterocharacini, profound modifications its anatomy possibly ontogenetic truncations obscure better understanding relationships. new classification Heterocharacinae proposed. © 2012 Linnean Society London, Zoological Journal Society, 2012, 165, 809–915.