TNF-α and Th2 Cytokines Induce Atopic Dermatitis–Like Features on Epidermal Differentiation Proteins and Stratum Corneum Lipids in Human Skin Equivalents

摘要: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in which the barrier function disrupted. In this AD environment, cytokines are upregulated, but cytokine effect on not fully understood. We aimed to investigate influence of Th2 (IL-4, IL-13, IL-31) and pro-inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)) epidermal morphogenesis, proliferation, differentiation, stratum corneum lipid properties. For purpose, we used Leiden model (LEM) medium was supplemented with these cytokines. Our results show that IL-4, IL-31, TNF-α induce spongiosis, augment TSLP secretion by keratinocytes, alter early terminal differentiation-protein expression LEMs. alone or combination decreases level long chain free fatty acids (FFAs) ester linked ω-hydroxy (EO) ceramides, consequently affecting organization. IL-31 increases FFAs LEMs relative abundance EO ceramides. These findings clearly supplementation morphogenesis function. As result, similar characteristics as found can be an excellent tool for screening formulations drugs treatment AD.