The effect of irradiation wavelengths and the crystal structures of titanium dioxide on the formation of singlet oxygen for bacterial killing

摘要: In inflammatory bowel diseases, interleukin-1β production is accelerated. Butyrate, a short chain fatty acid, plays an important role in diseases. We investigated the effect of butyrate on macrophage and elucidated its underlying mechanism. stimulated THP-1 cells, human premonocytic cell line, by lipopolysaccharide alone with lipopolysaccharide. Butyrate increased more than alone. caspase-1 activity As for phosphorylation pathway, PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor), SB203580 (p38 MAPK SP600125 (JNK1/2 inhibitor) decreased to approximately 50% controls. Pertussis toxin (G protein-coupled signal transduction pathway also reduced 50%. reactive oxygen species levels The addition N-acetyl L-cysteine level similar that nitric oxide alone, elevated amount oxide. conclusions, enhances activating caspase-1, via species, MAPK, G protein mediated pathways cells.