Evolution of Pacific Rim diving beetles sheds light on Amphi‐Pacific biogeography

摘要: The origin of biodiversity in the Neotropics predominantly stems either from Gondwana breakup or late dispersal events Nearctic region. Here, we investigate biogeography a diving beetle Glade whose distribution encompasses parts Oriental region, Indo-Australian archipelago (IAA) and Neotropics. We reconstructed dated molecular phylogeny, inferred diversification dynamics estimated ancestral areas under different biogeographic assumptions. For region IAA, reveal repeated complex colonization patterns out Australia, across major lines (e.g. Wallace's Line). timing IAA broadly coincides with proposed formation geographic features Our phylogenetic hypothesis recovers Neotropical species nested two derived clades. recover an group early Eocene about 55 million yr ago, long after break-up initiated, but before complete separation Antarctica When allowing old Gondwanan ancestor, reconstruct intricate pattern vicariance trans-Pacific long-distance Australia toward restricting range to more plausible geological area combinations Eocene, infer Australian results support on one hand potential signature associated regional extinctions Cenozoic serving as link between On other hand, they also these beetles Andean coast Oligocene.