Selective harvesting and habitat loss produce long-term life history changes in a mouflon population.

摘要: We examined the long-term effects (28 years) of habitat loss and phenotype- based selective harvest on body mass, horn size, shape mouflon {Ovis gmelini musimon) in southern France. This population has experienced deterioration (loss 50.8% open area) since its introduction 1956 unrestricted hunting largest horned males 1973. Both processes are predicted to lead a decrease phenotype quality by decreasing reducing reproductive contribution individuals carrying traits that targeted hunters. Body mass size both sexes measurements markedly decreased (by 3.4-38.3%) all age classes from 1970s. Lamb varied relation spatiotemporal variation closure within hunting- free reserve, suggesting explains part these changes. However, fact there was no significant spatial early study, when decline phenotypic already had occurred, provided support for influence harvesting. also found allometric relationship between breadth length changed over study period. For given length, lower during second study. result, as well changes curve diameter, supports interpretation harvesting their configuration evolutionary consequences shape, this trait is less likely be affected characteristics. Moreover, required more time (approximately four develop desirable trophy, trophy favors animals with slow-growing horns. Managers should exploit hunters' desire finance management strategies which ensure balance environment. sustainable exploitation, strategy selectively allowed contribute genetically next generations.