Effects on growth, essential oil content and composition of the volatile fraction of Achillea millefolium L. cultivated in hydroponic systems deficient in macro- and microelements

摘要: Abstract The aim of the study was to determine which elements effect growth, essential oil content and composition volatile fraction Achillea millefolium L. Acclimated scions were transferred into pots containing either complete nutrient solution or a equivalent compositionbut lacking one N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, B, Zn, Mo Cu. experiment completely randomized design, each thirteen treatments replicated four times with replicate comprising two plants. Plants cultured in greenhouse under natural light for 55 days, hydroponic conditions. Visual symptoms element deficiency assessed daily. harvested at end culture period growth parameters (number leaves; stem diameter; root size; shoot, total dry matter), (levels chlorophylls a; b; chlorophyll carotenoids), oil, compositions leaf headspace fractions evaluated. results showed that exerted significant on all parameters, although visual more marked following omission macroelements compared microelements. With regard matter, order limiting nutrients Ca = K = N > P > S > Mg Zn > Fe > B > Cu > Mn > Mo Omission B Mn induced increases content. major components identified as sabinene, 1,8-cineol, borneol, β-caryophyllene β-cubebene, proportions these compounds affected substantially by macro-or