Lake responses to historical land use changes in northern Spain: The contribution of non-pollen palynomorphs in a multiproxy study

摘要: Abstract Environmental changes discussed in an earlier work using pollen, sedimentology, ostracods and charcoal proxies were evaluated with new non-pollen palynomorph data. The limits of biozones are consistent the main environmental reported Pre-Pyrenean Lake Estanya. diagram from Estanya Gran shows that human activity during last 2000 years reflected lake responses. Palaeoecological data palynomorphs have helped to determine causes these changes, e.g. use for hemp water-retting its limnological impacts. change is expansion Desmidiaceae, indicating more acid water conditions between 1220 AD 1760 AD. onset Desmidiaceae may be attributed development farming probably construction channels. undergo a considerable decline after AD, coinciding fall production XVIIIth century. Consequently, recovered oligotrophic status had prevailed before perturbation caused by introduction retting practices led all such as palynomorphs, pollen faunal communities.