Plumeria obtusa L.: A systematic review of its traditional uses, morphology, phytochemistry and pharmacology

摘要: Abstract Background Plumeria obtusa L. (Apocynaceae) is a deciduous, ornamental, tropical plant grown in premises, parks, gardens, graveyards, because of its attractive and fragrant flowers. The different parts the are used traditionally to treat various diseases like diabetes mellitus, wounds skin disease, diuretic, purgative, abortion also cosmetics, aromatherapy, necklaces as offerings. In spite many pharmacological properties reported for P. obtusa, there not review that studies all phytochemicals activities critically analyse them. Purpose aim this paper provide an overview traditional uses, morphology, phytochemistry, toxicological identify remaining gaps thus supply basis further investigations. focuses towards attracting attention people researchers about wide spread pharmaceutical better utilization coming future. Methods Information on was gathered using numerous search engines publication house such Pubmed, Springer, Science Direct, Google scholar, Taylor Francis imprints, NCBI (National centre Biotechnology Information), Chemspider, Scopus Wiley, research articles from peer- reviewed journals unpublished data some other ‘grey literature’ sources. Results More than 130 chemical constituents have been isolated including iridoids, terpenoids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, phenolic acids, steroids, fatty acid esters, coumarin, cardenolide, cinnamic derivate volatile oils. possesses large or range antimicrobial, antiproliferative, antimutagenic, antiinflammatory, antiulcerogenic, algicidal, antioxidant, insecticidal wound healing. information related toxicity limited so far regarding needed be explored. Conclusion However, aspects species studied yet. For example, activity active has only one activity, while rest proven crude extracts, i.e., lack bioguided isolation strategies unclear mechanism action observed. addition, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics structural relationship ingredient need studied, which will contribute development phytopreparation containing extracts. Toxicity poorly investigated Studies required long term vivo toxicity, humans clinical efficacy species.