Economic Structure and Policy for External Balance [with Comments] (Structure économique et politique d'équilibre extérieur) (Función de la estructura y política económicas en el equilibrio de los pagos)

作者: William H. Branson , Bijan B. Aghevli , Ryutaro Komiya

DOI: 10.2307/3866875

关键词:

摘要: The traditional macroeconomics of the period since World War II, as well more recent rational expectation and neo-Keynesian approaches, analyze one-commodity economies. international version this model, in its simplified extreme, is monetary model balance payments or, recently, exchange rate. During 1970s emphasis research has shifted to supply side role structure transmitting economic disturbances effects policy. This paper discusses some significant results on determining how are transmitted. It begins with an exposition payments, which assumes virtually no structure. provides a framework for following sections, introduce structural differences into one at time. basic can be summarized briefly. First, rigidities or high ratio imported intermediate goods value added production make devaluation counterproductive. particularly important developing country considering stabilization program. Second, changes rates may asymmetric between Europe United States. Movements rate have their main effect trade States by changing relative prices. makes efficient instrument external adjustment But Europe, domestic prices, making poor balance. Third, demand policy countries real wage stickiness moves price level those but influences output only nominal stickiness. Again, there difference sticky wages, States, wages. Finally, developed open financial markets expect floating stable. reason why industrial tend float, while peg rates. /// La thA©orie macroA©conomique traditionnelle de la pA©riode qui s'est A©coulA©e depuis deuxiA¨me guerre mondiale, ainsi que celle des anticipations rationnelles et l'approche nA©o-keynA©sienne, toutes deux d'origine plus rA©cente, analysent les A©conomies fondA©es sur un seul produit. internationale ce modA¨le, sous sa forme simple, est le modA¨le monA©taire paiements ou, rA©cemment, celui du taux change. Pendant annA©es 70, recherches ont A©tA© davantage axA©es l'offre rA´le l'A©conomie dans transmission perturbations A©conomiques effets politique A©conomique. prA©sente A©tude analyse certains principaux rA©sultats concernant A©conomique faA§on dont sont transmises. Elle commence par une description paiements, ne pose hypothA¨se pratiquement aucune Cette prA©sentation sert cadre aux sections suivantes introduisent, une, diffA©rences structurelles modA¨le. On peut rA©sumer briA¨vement rA©sultats. PremiA¨rement, en prA©sence rigiditA©s au niveau ou d'un A©levA© entre biens intermA©diaires importA©s valeur ajoutA©e A production, dA©valuation aller l'encontre buts recherchA©s. constatation Aatre particuliA¨rement importante pour pays dA©veloppement envisage programme stabilisation. DeuxiA¨mement, variations change peuvent asymA©triques Etats-Unis. Aux Etats-Unis, agissent essentiellement commerce modifiant prix relatifs. Ainsi efficace l'ajustement extA©rieur Etats-Unis mais, pourront se faire sentir principalement intA©rieurs, faisant piA¨tre d'A©quilibre extA©rieur. TroisiA¨mement, demande oA¹ salaires rA©els inflexibles baisse fait varier ces pays; elle n'influe nominaux baisse. LA encore, il y peut-Aatre diffA©rence l'Europe, inflexibles, inflexibles. Enfin, seuls dotA©s marchA©s financiers dA©veloppA©s ouverts s'attendre qu'un flottant soit C'est raison laquelle industrialisA©s tendent pratiquer flottement, tandis tendance dA©terminer leur rA©fA©rence d'autres monnaies. macroeconomA­a tradicional posterior segunda guerra mundial, asA­ como los enfoques mAis recientes, el basado expectativa racional neokeynesiano, analizan las economA­as monoproductoras. versiA³n internacional este modelo, simplificado al mAiximo, es modelo monetario balanza pagos o, recientemente, del tipo cambio. En dA©cada 1970 investigaciA³n orientA³ hacia oferta papel desempeA±a estructura transmisiA³n perturbaciones econA³micas efectos polA­tica. estudio examinan algunos resultados significativos con respecto econA³mica determinaciA³n forma transmiten perturbaciones. Se expone principio pagos, supone ausencia prAicticamente total estructura. Esta descripciA³n ofrece marco referencia para secciones siguientes estudio, cuales incorporan una diferencias estructurales modelo. Los bAisicos pueden resumirse brevemente. primer lugar, rigideces o elevada relaciA³n bienes intermedios importados valor agregado producciA³n hacer devaluaciA³n resulte contraproducente. Esto puede tener especial importancia caso paA­s desarrollo desee aplicar programa estabilizaciA³n. segundo variaciones tipos cambio ser asimA©tricos Europa Estados Unidos. El efecto principal comercio exterior Unidos variaciA³n precios relativos. hace instrumento eficaz ajuste cambio, su internos, lo cual resulta deficiente lograr equilibrio pagos. tercer polA­tica demanda paA­ses salarios reales eleva nivel dichos paA­ses, pero sA³lo influye producto haya inflexibilidad nominales. TambiA©n haber diferencia Europa, Unidos, nominales Finalmente, mercado financiero desarrollado abierto esperar sea estable flotante. podrA­a razA³n por industriales tienden poner moneda flotaciA³n, tanto vincular sus monedas.

参考文章(13)
John B. Taylor, Staggered Wage Setting in a Macro Model The American Economic Review. ,vol. 69, pp. 108- 113 ,(2016)
Maurice Obstfeld, Can We Sterilize? Theory and Evidence Social Science Research Network. ,(1982)
Guillermo A Calvo, Trying to Stabilize: Some Theoretical Reflections Based on the Case of Argentina Research Papers in Economics. pp. 199- 220 ,(1983) , 10.7208/9780226029979-011
John F. Bilson, The "Speculative Efficiency" Hypothesis The Journal of Business. ,vol. 54, pp. 435- 451 ,(1981) , 10.3386/W0474
William H. Branson, The Trade Effects of the 1971 Currency Realignments Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. ,vol. 1972, pp. 15- 70 ,(1972) , 10.2307/2534114
Paul Krugman, Lance Taylor, Contractionary effects of devaluation Journal of International Economics. ,vol. 8, pp. 445- 456 ,(1978) , 10.1016/0022-1996(78)90007-7
Rudiger Dornbusch, Paul Krugman, Richard N. Cooper, Marina v. N. Whitman, Flexible Exchange Rates in the Short Run Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. ,vol. 1976, pp. 537- 584 ,(1976) , 10.2307/2534369
Jeffrey Sachs, Wages, Flexible Exchange Rates, and Macroeconomic Policy Quarterly Journal of Economics. ,vol. 94, pp. 731- 747 ,(1980) , 10.2307/1885666
Richard N. Cooper, CURRENCY DEVALUATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES International Economics Policies and their Theoretical Foundations#R##N#A Source Book. pp. 489- 517 ,(1982) , 10.1016/B978-0-12-444280-1.50030-6