Interventions for preventing infection in nephrotic syndrome

摘要: Background Infection is one of the most common complications and still remains a significant cause morbidity occasionally mortality in patients, especially children with nephrotic syndrome. Many different prophylactic interventions have been used or recommended for reducing risks infection syndrome clinical practice. Whether existing evidence scientifically rigorous which intervention can be routine use based on current unknown. Objectives To assess benefits harms any risk adults syndrome. Search methods We searched Cochrane Renal Group's specialised register, Central Register Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (in The Library), MEDLINE Pre-MEDLINE (from 1966), EMBASE 1980), China Biological Medicine Database (1979 to December 2009), Chinese Science Technique Journals (to National Infrastructure WangFang database reference lists nephrology textbooks, review articles, relevant studies abstracts from meetings without language restriction. Date last search: 6 February 2012 Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) quasi-RCTs comparing (pharmacological non-pharmacological) preventing syndrome. Data collection analysis Two authors independently assessed extracted information. Information was collected methods, participants, outcomes (appearance infection, mortality, quality life adverse events). Results were expressed as ratios (RR) dichotomous mean differences (MD) continuous data 95% confidence intervals (CI). Main results Twelve conducted China, including 762 identified. No identified adults. All compared kind pharmacotherapy (intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), thymosin, oral transfer factor, mannan peptide tablet, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine injection, polyvalent bacterial (Lantigen B) two kinds medicinal herbs: compound herbs (TIAOJINING) Huangqi (astragalus) granules) plus baseline treatment alone. RCTs antibiotics, non-pharmacological prophylaxis, pneumococcal vaccination. Four showed significantly beneficial effect IVIG nosocomial unspecified (RR 0.47, CI 0.31 0.73). Thymosin 0.50, 0.26 0.97), factor 0.51, 0.35 0.73), BCG injection 0.68, 0.48 0.95), granules 0.62, 0.47 0.83) TIAOJINING 0.59, 0.43 0.81) also effective However tablet 0.46, 0.21 1.01) 0.24, 0.06 to1.00) not superior children. serious events reported. Authors' conclusions IVIG, vaccine, may positive effects prevention no obvious methodological all poor, sample sizes small, thus there strong effectiveness these interventions.