Mitochondrial formation of reactive oxygen species.

摘要: The reduction of oxygen to water proceeds via one electron at a time. In the mitochondrial respiratory chain, Complex IV (cytochrome oxidase) retains all partially reduced intermediates until full is achieved. Other redox centres in transport however, may leak electrons oxygen, reducing this molecule superoxide anion (O2−•). Even though O2−• not strong oxidant, it precursor most other reactive species, and also becomes involved propagation oxidative chain reactions. Despite presence various antioxidant defences, mitochondrion appears be main intracellular source these oxidants. This review describes sources species defences that evolved prevent damage compartments. We discuss physiological pathological scenarios resulting from an increased steady state concentration