Human Resource Configurations, Intellectual Capital, and Organizational Performance.

摘要: Throughout the past fifteen years researchers have examined link between human resource (HR) activities and organizational-level performance. Many of early studies in this area simply looked at performance impacts individual HR practices such as staffing, training, compensation isolation. More recent tended to take a more holistic approach by focusing on systems or configurations multiple (e.g., Huselid, 1995; MacDuffie, Youndt et al., 1996). While both these lines research demonstrated that can positive influence organizational value creation performance, neither has given us very clear understanding how value-creating process actually occurs. As Becker his colleagues noted, "To date there is little ... describes processes through which HRM principal intermediate variables ultimately affect firm performance" (1997: 40-41). In short, we know about black box firm's its bottom line. Accordingly, purpose study introduce intellectual capital mediating construct thereby combining streams strategic management. Although, academic business strategists acknowledged plays role developing managing resources core competencies, theoretical development empirical been slow follow. By introducing construct, hope better frame drive essence, article suggests do not directly increase performance; rather they help employees' knowledge skills (i.e., capital), facilitate group interaction sharing social enable organizations store systems, routines, processes, cultures which, turn, what follows, begin outlining conceptualization various aspects capital. Next, examine different FIR might enhance Then, test To conclude, discuss implications our findings briefly outline several limitations present well suggest potential future directions. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND HYPOTHESES Spender Grant noted their introduction Strategic Management Journal's special issue strategy are facing "growing realization most theoretically interesting those least identifiable measurable" 8). Intellectual one variable. Several writers presented frameworks, however, conceptualize make it easier operationalize for research. Edvinsson Malone (1997), example, view being comprised two primary components: experience employees) structural embodiment, empowerment, supportive infrastructure capital). The authors then sub-divide into smaller tools, operating philosophy speed flow organization) customer relationships company with customers). Stewart (1997) similarly conceives composed …