Dietary Energy Density, Renal Function, and Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease

摘要: Background. There is evidence of the association between dietary energy density and chronic diseases. However, no report exists regarding relation DED kidney disease (CKD). Objective. To examine (DED), renal function, progression Design. Cross-sectional. Setting. Three nephrology clinics. Subjects. Two hundred twenty-one subjects with diagnosed CKD. Main Outcome Measure. Dietary intake patients was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. (in kcal/g) calculated use content weight solid foods yielding beverages. Renal function measured blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results. Patients in first tertile consumed more amounts carbohydrate, fiber, potassium, phosphorus, zinc, magnesium, calcium, folate, vitamin C, B2. After adjusting for confounders, we could not find any significant trend BUN Cr across tertiles DED. In multivariate model, an increased risk being higher stage CKD found among those last (OR: 3.15; 95% CI: 1.30, 7.63; P = 0.01). Conclusion. We observed that lower associated better nutrient progression.