作者: Jacco Farla , Rob Cuelenaere , Kornelis Blok
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-9883(97)00021-2
关键词:
摘要: Abstract A monitoring method was developed with which changes in the energy consumption of a country can be analyzed. special feature this is that we used physical instead economic indicators activity wherever possible. The distinguishes between influences improved efficiency and structural changes. With method, Netherlands studied for period 1980–1990. energy-to-GDP ratio decreased by 2.1% annually 1980 1985 0.3% 1990. large part decrease attributed to decreasing specific subsectors.