Fluorescence Anisotropy Reloaded-Emerging Polarization Microscopy Methods for Assessing Chromophores' Organization and Excitation Energy Transfer in Single Molecules, Particles, Films, and Beyond.

摘要: Fluorescence polarization is widely used to assess the orientation/rotation of molecules, and excitation energy transfer between closely located chromophores. Emerging since 1990s, single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy imaging stimulate application light for studying molecular organization beyond ensemble averaging. Here, traditional linear dichroism methods bulk samples are compared with techniques specially developed for, or inspired by, spectroscopy. Techniques assessing in anisotropic samples, where anisotropy framework not readily applicable, discussed depth. It shown that concept a portrait funnel approximation can lay foundation alternative metrics. Examples ranging from fundamental studies photoactive materials (conjugated polymers, light-harvesting aggregates, perovskite semiconductors) Forster resonant (FRET)-based biomedical presented. Furthermore, novel uses super-resolution optical mentioned as well strategies avoiding artifacts microscopy.