Hantavirus in bat, Sierra Leone.

摘要: To the Editor: Hantaviruses (family Bunyaviridae) are transmitted from rodent reservoirs to humans. These viruses cause life-threatening human diseases: hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in Americas and hemorrhagic fever with renal Asia Europe (1). Since 2006, indigenous hantaviruses were reported also Africa. Sangassou virus was found an African wood mouse (Hylomyscus simus) Guinea (2). Discovery of newer hantaviruses, Tanganya recently Azagny virus, even more surprising because they shrews (3,4). The detection small mammals other than rodents, such as moles (4), increasingly raises questions regarding real host range. Bats (order Chiroptera) already known harbor a broad variety emerging pathogens, including bunyaviruses (5). Their ability fly social life history enable efficient pathogen maintenance, evolution, spread. Therefore, we conducted study on bats Africa. A total 525 tissue samples 417 representing 28 genera tested for presence RNA. Samples originated different regions western central Africa collected during 2009 early 2011. Total RNA extracted reverse transcribed. cDNA screened by PCR specific sequences large genomic segment across genus Hantavirus (2). One sample yielded product expected size subjected cloning sequencing. The positive (MGB/1209) obtained 1 18 investigated slit-faced Nycteridae). animal trapped at Magboi River within Gola National Park, Sierra Leone (7°50.194′N, 10°38.626′W), identification Nycteris hispida has been verified voucher specimen (RCJF529). Histologic examination organs showed no obvious pathologic findings. The 414-nt sequence covers region, which correspond nt position 2,918–3,332 open reading frame prototypic Hantaan virus. Bioinformatic analysis amino acid level highest degrees identity shrew- mole-associated (Thottapalayam 73.0%, Altai 69.7%, Nova Imjin 69.3%). On basis tree topology maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree, does not cluster rodent-associated but groups those (Figure). Figure Maximum-likelihood MGB/1209 based partial (414 nt) showing placement novel spp. bat compared associated (i) moles: ... Considering that closely related rodents (6), certain genetic similarity putative bat-borne seems reasonable. Notably, shrew-associated Thottapalayam (India) (South Korea) seem be closer relatives, (Guinea) (Cote d’Ivoire) distantly related. Additional data is needed conclusive analyses. Because new least 22% divergent conclude infected newly hantavirus. We propose name (MGBV) it detected captured Leone. MGBV nucleotide or handled before our laboratory. Before this study, nucleic lung kidney tissues Eptesicus Rhinolophus South Korea. However, sequencing prototypical indicating spillover infection laboratory contamination (7). Further screening necessary confirm N. natural reservoir Although presented bat-associated obviously distinct suggests association host, another, yet unrecognized cannot ruled out. exclusively organ (lung liver, kidney, spleen; shown) persistent typically observed hosts (8). To date, only few reports exist cases (9,10). underreporting must assumed symptoms resemble many febrile infections. Moreover, infections non–rodent-associated cross-reactivity routinely used rodent-borne antigens should limited may hamper serodiagnostics results suggest bats, pathogens (5), act effect public health remains determined.