作者: Vr. Muthukkaruppan , Myrin Borysenko , Rashika El Ridi
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-4166-6_12
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摘要: A phylogenetic approach to understanding the development and mechanisms of immunity has gained attention only in recent years. On evolutionary scale, reptiles are pivotal since they progenitors both avian mammalian classes. It is now agreed that basic pattern adaptive immune responsivity was established when first vertebrates arose. However, this been constantly altered by forces, thus, existing reptilian species possess a particular level organization their reticuloendothelial systems, much like other organ such as vascular urogenital nervous etc. In light, it important understand structure function systems. particular, these ectothermic amniotes provide an organizational which could help us delineate nature systems endotherms. For example, bursa Fabricius, generator B lymphocytes, probably evolved from ancestors its equivalent may still exist among living representatives. With advent immunohistochemical vitro techniques, structural functional markers lymphoid cells can be identified characterized. This review attempts synthesize literature concerning reptiles. Naturally, major portion information do with proper.