Restricted grouper reproductive migrations support community-based management.

摘要: Conservation commonly requires trade-offs between social and ecological goals. For tropical small-scale fisheries, spatial scales of socially appropriate management are generally small—the median no-take locally managed marine area (LMMA) throughout the Pacific is less than 1 km2. This particular concern for large coral reef fishes, such as many species grouper, which migrate to aggregations spawn. Current data suggest that catchment areas (i.e. total from individuals drawn) at preclude effective community-based with LMMAs. We used acoustic telemetry tag-returns examine reproductive migrations grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus a spawning aggregation in Papua New Guinea. Protection resultant approximately 16 km2 using LMMA untenable here much region. However, we found were skewed towards shorter distances. Consequently, expanding current 0.2 km2 1–2 km2 would protect 30–50% population non-spawning season. Contrasting knowledge, our results demonstrate moderate can be congruous spatially restricted tools.