Wildlife conservation in Bornean timber concessions

摘要: ABSTRACT. Based on an extensive review of the literature, and broad consultation with experts, we haveassessed sensitivity Bornean vertebrates to direct indirect effects timber harvest. Well-implemented selective logging has a relatively limited impact wildlife populations: few speciesappear quite sensitive, some benefit, decline. However, current management practices in IndonesianBorneo generally cause decline populations. Guidelines for sustainable forest managementare primarily focused trees, specific recommendations how sustainably manage wildlifepopulations concessions. our findings, provide managementguidelines, pointing out importance maintaining understory vegetation large trees fruit, seed,dead wood, tree hollow production, limiting canopy gaps, reducing hunting trade inconcessions. In addition, advice high priority species Borneanvertebrates.Key Words: Asia; biodiversity; Borneo; disturbance; hunting; management.INTRODUCTIONThere is increasing awareness that wildlifespecies Indonesian Borneo need forests aremanaged extraction if theyare survive long term (Colon 1999,Lammertink 2004b, Sheil et al. 2004). pastfew decades, conservation efforts have focusedstrictly protected areas, but recent insights havesuggested these reserves are insufficient toprotect rare, threatened species. Not only theprotected area network fragmented (Jepson al.2002), also disappearing even withinthese areas (Fuller 2003, Curran etal. 2004).Kalimantan’s failing forvarious ecological, socioeconomic, politicalreasons (Kramer 1997, Rijksen Meijaard1999, Jepson 2001, 2002). Ineffectivemanagement, however, dominant factor.Management, any, directed from regional ornational offices, without adequate on-the-ground staff basic safeguards, manyprotected remain paper parks (cf., Bruner Rodriguez Rodriguez-Clark 2001).Poor political support active conservationmanagement global problem slowlyimproving. Thus, remains underfunded(e.g., Balmford Whitten 2003), tax systemsproviding financial compensation usingenvironmental services undeveloped.Direct economic benefits such as productionprovide incentive maintain wayto generate benefits, especially whenvarious forces areencouraging improved practices. This,and fact loss threatens bothconservation interests productionexplains why tropical production forestry andconservation increasingly finding commonground. Whether thepotential halt decline, or otherwisebenefit conservation, disputed (Bowles al.1998, Lugo 1999, Putz 2000), wish toemphasize pragmatic ecological basis forinvolving concessions conservation.Many persist at onlyslightly altered densities selectively harvestedforests, well-managed canprovide habitat most (Meijaardet 2005). Still, little known about different