Contaminated Sediments: Inorganic Constituents

摘要: Owing to a variety of physical and chemical factors, in conjunction with aquatic physicochemical conditions, fluvial/lacustrine suspended bed sediments can act as both sources carriers wide inorganic constituents nutrients. Many these reflect local environmental conditions are derived from point nonpoint sources. When have an anthropogenic origin, levels exceed the typical range baseline concentrations, be described contaminated. Most land-use categories (e.g. agriculture, forested, rangeland) do not appear exert substantial effect on sediment-associated levels. On other hand, mining and/or mining-related activities major exception, although this land use geographically limited, it cause extensive downstream sediment contamination. Urban centers urbanization (increasing amounts impervious surfaces), result industrial wastewater discharges, power generation, transportation-related activities, also Population density related and, at ≥27 people (p) km−2, appears exercise substantive chemistry. In fact, population more consistent influence than urban percentage, displays stronger positive correlations The most common inorganic/nutrient contaminants Pb, Hg, Ag, Zn, Cd, Cu, Sb, S, Ni, Sn, Cr, As, TC (total carbon), Co, Fe, P, TOC organic carbon). Keywords: sediment; trace elements; metalloids; nutrients; urban effects; mining effects