Global Modelling of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions

摘要: The majority of volatile organic compounds emitted from the terrestrial biosphere (BVOCs) are highly reactive hydrocarbons that have been shown to affect atmospheric composition across full range temporal scales fractions seconds centuries and spatial μm global. Furthermore, biogenic emissions thought account for around 90 % total quantity non-methane released into atmosphere each year. As a result, BVOCs substantial air quality climate impacts, there is an urgent need quantify map their as precisely possible. In this chapter we outline use computer models estimate annual global on-going efforts validate constrain output such models. current generation BVOC emission generally includes only constitutive handful compounds: chiefly isoprene, monoterpenes methanol, which about 80 flux biosphere. At present, it estimated by isoprene amounts 500 Tg carbon, with dominated tropical ecosystems tree species. similarly distributed, although high levels monoterpene also seen boreal forests. There currently no consensus on emission, estimates ranging 30 150 carbon. Apart these main compounds, emits many hundreds different some produced short-lived, transient response stress rather than emissions. We discuss role trace gases play in Earth system whole, consider potential feedbacks exist between emissions, composition, climate, biosphere, how can be studied finally suggest ways improving further developing