作者: Richard F. Kempczinski , Brian L. Thiele , D.Eugene Strandness , Dennis F. Bandyk
DOI: 10.1016/0741-5214(90)90026-7
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摘要: The earliest clinical noninvasive tests were merely physiologic studies that relied on the detection of hemodynamic alterations distal to flow-reducing occlusive lesions. More recently, significant improvements in ultrasound imaging capabilities have shifted emphasis toward more anatomic are able not only detect presence disease, but also localize it and characterize underlying pathologic process. For example, ability visualize peripheral venous thrombi now permits vascular laboratories accurately confirm diagnosis deep thrombosis, but:also differentiate acute from chronic occlusions. recently extension duplex technology renal arteries promises an accurate, means for screening hypertensive patients signficant, flowreducing accuracy ready patient acceptance such resulted a rapid spread hospital-based facilities into free-standing diagnostic centers, individual physicians' offices, even mobile units. As established, there was insatiable demand qualified technologists, knowledgeable medical directors, af_fordable instrumentation. In addition, manufacturers produced bewildering array technologically advanced equipment helped shift focus away provision cost-effective, clinically relevant, information 'technology itself. Recently, increasing concerns been voiced about financial incentive motivated some this growth lack standardization among as regards their dianostic indications, instrumentation, testing procedures,