Evaluation of Naltrexone as a treatment for amphetamine dependence

摘要: Amphetamine addiction is a disease that affects millions of people worldwide and lacks effective treatment. An estimated 35 million persons are reported to abuse amphetamines, which more than the total number cocaine heroin abusers combined. A majority intravenous drug users in Sweden amphetamine, pushing this disorder forefront psychiatric problems. At present, there no approved pharmacotherapy for amphetamine dependence. Several lines evidence point towards involvement endogenous opioid system pathophysiology stimulant addiction. The antagonist naltrexone has shown modulate some behavioral neurochemical effects animal models. aim thesis was investigate humans as potential treatment In first study, we examined effect an acute dose drugnaive individuals. Structured batteries subjective, physiological measures were systematically administered interaction amphetamine. results demonstrated pre-treatment with significantly reduces subjective Pre-treatment had on measures. next biochemical dependent individuals, using double-blind placebo controlled design. attenuated addition, craving blunted by naltrexone. This data provide proof-ofconcept not only dampens event use, but also decreases likelihood additional consumption Thereafter, investigated chronic open-label assess tolerability compliance new population. Twelve weeks led reduction both frequency quantity consumption. Overall, showed well tolerated minimal side effects. Finally, dependence randomized placebo-controlled trial. Patients either received 12-weeks or placebo. Twice-weekly urine toxicology tests performed addition patients weekly relapse prevention therapy. indicate reduced percentage amphetaminepositive samples Continued compared medical safety further confirmed conclusion, reinforcing dosing Taken together, provides support use LIST OF PUBLICATIONS I. Jayaram-Lindstrom N., Wennberg P., Hurd YL., Franck J. Effects response healthy volunteers. Journal Clinical Psychopharmacology 2004, 24: 665-669. II. Konstenius M., Eksborg S., Beck O., Hammarberg A., Naltrexone attenuates Neuropsychopharmacology 2007, published online, October 27. III. open clinical trial dependence: Compliance tolerabilty. Nordic Psychiatry. 2005, 59: 167-171. IV. Submitted, 2007.