Investigating feedbacks in human–landscape systems: Lessons following a wildfire in Colorado, USA

摘要: Abstract As human interactions with Earth systems continue to intensify, understanding the complex relationships among activity, landscape change, and societal responses those changes becomes increasingly important. Interdisciplinary research centered on theme of “feedbacks” in human–landscape serves as a promising focus for unraveling these interactions. This paper examines specific case 2012 Waldo Canyon Fire Colorado, where after fire perceived threats hydro-geomorphological hazards included construction tall fences at base burned watershed. These actions prompted feedbacks that promoted further change ultimately increased hazards, rather than dampening effects fire. Geomorphic analysis showed trapped particles would naturally move through system by flows recurrence intervals greater 3.3 years. With blocked fences, channel downstream became erosive, because it was devoid large produce substantial hydraulic resistance. Channel incision second response pave eroding channel, which led downstream. cycle positive between decision-making eventually complete channelization stream fences. The explanation transformation post-fire therefore lies interacting impacts feedbacks, expected adjustments. An initial agent-based model, capable integrating social data, simulates feedbacks. Further refinement more data input, especially pertaining decision making individual or local levels, is required fully demonstrate utility promise this tool application geomorphic analysis.