Prioritizing management actions for the conservation of freshwater biodiversity under changing climate and land-cover

摘要: Freshwater ecosystems are declining under climate change and land-use change. To maximize the return on investment in freshwater conservation with limited financial resources, managers must prioritize management actions that most cost-effective. However, little is known about what these priorities may be combined effects of land-cover We present a novel decision-making framework for prioritizing resources to different biodiversity. The approach it has ability model interactions, rank options dealing threats from change, integrate empirical data expert knowledge. illustrate using case study South East Queensland (SEQ), Australia their effects. Our results show explicit inclusion multiple costs quite than when interactions ignored. When not considered, stream riparian restoration, as single strategy, provides greatest overall protection macroinvertebrate fish richness rural urban areas SEQ response and/or growth. Whereas, farm/land restoration cost-effective strategies conservation. findings support effective adaptation strategy development, but because expensive often cost-efficient strategy. allows decisions evaluated explicitly.