Characterizing haploinsufficiency of SHELL gene to improve fruit form prediction in introgressive hybrids of oil palm

摘要: The fundamental trait in selective breeding of oil palm (Eleais guineensis Jacq.) is the shell thickness surrounding kernel. monogenic inversely correlated to mesocarp thickness, where crude accumulates. Commercial thin-shelled tenera derived from thick-shelled dura × shell-less pisifera generally contain 30% higher per bunch. Two mutations, shᴹᴾᴼᴮ (M1) and shAVROS (M2) SHELL gene – a type II MADS-box transcription factor mainly present AVROS Nigerian origins, were reported be responsible for different fruit forms. In this study, we have tested 1,339 samples maintained Sime Darby Plantation using both mutations. Five genotype-phenotype discrepancies eight controls then re-tested with all five mutations (shAVROS, shᴹᴾᴼᴮ, shᴹᴾᴼᴮ², ³ shᴹᴾᴼᴮ⁴) within same gene. integration genotypic data, pedigree records formation model further explained haploinsufficiency effect on number functional copies. Some rare also identified, suggesting need confirm existence cis-compound With this, prediction accuracy forms can improved, especially introgressive hybrids palm. Understanding causative variant segregation extremely important, even traits such as