Screening the hurdles to sea disposal of desalination brine around the Mediterranean

摘要: Abstract As desalination develops, the impacts of brine ocean disposal rise increasing concerns. Here we present a screening hurdles to through pressurized submerged outfalls in broader Mediterranean region. Using first-tier dilution models, analyze how different environmental quality standards reflect terms initial outfall velocity. We show that achieving moderate is usually not problematic, while higher would often require excessively high velocities. Although this may be so overwhelming problem as undermine feasibility discharge, it indicates possible arise permitting project. also water recovery (i.e. having more concentrated brine) reduces jet extents, hence allows shallower waters, with smaller pipelines, causing an appreciable reduction costs, slightly reducing pumping energy demand (which rather small anyway comparison overall process). This makes from potentially interesting management option, appraised against costs recovery, and difficulties arising required at outfall.