Evaluating the Effectiveness of Two Distance-Sampling Techniques for Monitoring Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) Densities

摘要: Monitoring wild cervid populations have become a priority for management. However, accurate and reliable estimates of densities are difficult to achieve since they may be affected by environmental variation, species behaviour or observational issues. Therefore, obtain unbiased it is necessary adopt sampling methods that quantify the probability detect target species. In this study, we compare results roe deer based on distance detection performed two techniques: surveys foot in evening nocturnal car. Estimates population were conducted Sierra de Guadarrama (Madrid, Spain). Distance was along tracks 10 pine forests October. Observations from done better fitted with functions, although technique required more days observers its realization, hence increasing field effort. Nocturnal car also proper de...