Shared and disorder-specific task-positive and default mode network dysfunctions during sustained attention in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obsessive/compulsive disorder

摘要: Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and obsessive/compulsive disorder (OCD) share problems sustained attention, are proposed to deficits in switching between default mode task positive networks. The aim of this study was investigate shared disorder-specific brain activation abnormalities during attention the two disorders. Twenty boys ADHD, 20 OCD age-matched healthy controls aged 12 18 years completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) version parametrically modulated progressively increasing load. Performance were compared groups. Only ADHD patients impaired performance. Group by load interaction effects showed that had middle anterior cingulate underactivation relative patients, while left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex/dorsal inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). insula/ventral IFG increased posterior network controls, but overactivation regions, dorsal for ventromedial cortex OCD. In sum, mostly patterns both salience/ventral networks lateral ACC OCD, as well their deactivation medial DMN regions. findings suggest performance disorders is underpinned patterns.