Radiogenic therapy: novel approaches for enhancing tumor radiosensitivity.

摘要: Radiotherapy (RT) is a well established modality for treating many forms of cancer. However, despite improvements in treatment planning and delivery, the total radiation dose often too low tumor cure, because risk normal tissue damage. Gene therapy provides new adjunctive strategy to enhance effectiveness RT, offering potential preferential killing cancer cells sparing tissues. This specificity can be achieved at several levels including restricted vector transcriptional targeting transgene product. review will focus on those gene strategies that are currently being evaluated combination with use sensitive promoters control timing location expression specifically within tumors. Therapeutic transgenes chosen their radiosensitizing properties also reviewed, these include: correction therapy, which copies genes responsible radiation-induced apoptosis transfected compensate deletions or mutated variants (p53 most widely studied example). enzymes synergize effect, by generation toxic species from endogenous precursors (e.g., inducible nitric oxide synthase) activation non prodrugs herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir) target tissue. conditionally replicating oncolytic adenoviruses effect. membrane transport proteins sodium iodide symporter) facilitate uptake cytotoxic radionuclides. The evidence indicates approaches successful augmenting induced cell clinical trials underway.