Distribution and onset of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (zRalDH) expression in zebra finch brain: lack of sex difference in HVC and RA at early posthatch ages.

摘要: Using in situ hybridization to detect the expression of retinoic acid synthesizing enzyme (retinaldehyde dehydrogenase: zRalDH) mRNA, we mapped distribution its adult zebra finch brain. In neural song circuit, strong was found high vocal center (HVC), para-HVC, and at a very low level robust nucleus arcopallium (RA). The HVC RA both males females. Outside system, major areas were medial nidopallium (N), hyperpallium apicale (HA), mesopallium ventrale (MV), taenial amygdala (TnA), cerebellar Purkinje cells, isthmo-opticus (IO). nestlings, zRalDH mRNA as early posthatch day 4 or 5 (P4-5), although varied among individuals. Thus, synthesis could participate system formation development. However, no sex difference volume intensity androgen receptor (AR) P11 prior development significant size dimorphisms these nuclei. females defined by greater than that females, suggesting might experience net cell loss between adulthood.