Parallel Paths to Enforcement: Private Compliance, Public Regulation, and Labor Standards in the Brazilian Sugar Sector

摘要: In recent years, global corporations and national governments have been enacting a growing number of codes conduct labor laws to combat dangerous or degrading work conditions in supply chains. On the receiving end this activity, local producers must contend with multiple regulations verification systems, but it is not clear how these systems interact results they produce. This paper examines public private enforcement standards sugarcane, sugar ethanol sector Brazil. It finds that agents refuse communicate each other, act ways reinforce other’s actions. one side, inspectors prosecutors use their broad legal powers outlaw some forms outsourcing. other auditors extensive access targeted businesses trust command as insiders help them engage process workplace transformation makes easier for firms comply. Although refused cooperate another, parallel actions blocked low road steered higher made compliance only viable, sometimes even desirable.