The Third Track of the Open-Systems-Thinking School: An Application of Domain Theory to New Zealand Ports

摘要: The Open-Systems Thinking (OST) school identified with Emery and Trist is situated as an important but underutilized approach in systems thinking. main features of OST are described, including four "tracks" along which has developed. third track, focuses on interorganizational domains, considered detail. It then applied to a case concerning the complex social dynamics port domains New Zealand. This exercise enables us illuminate some lacunae previous representations domain research, assess OST's track regarding its relevance for systemic practice, help bring table other approaches that all vying attention researchers, practicing managers, students, consultants.