Bacteria Associated With a Commercial Mycorrhizal Inoculum: Community Composition and Multifunctional Activity as Assessed by Illumina Sequencing and Culture-Dependent Tools.

摘要: The implementation of sustainable agriculture encompasses practices enhancing the activity beneficial soil microorganisms, able to modulate biogeochemical cycles and affect fertility. Among them, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish symbioses with roots most food crops play a key role in nutrient uptake plant protection from biotic abiotic stresses. Such services, encompassing improved crop performances resources availability, are outcome synergistic action AMF vast communities mycorrhizospheric bacteria living strictly associated their mycelium spores, which showing growth promoting (PGP) activities, such as ability solubilize phosphate produce siderophores indole acetic acid (IAA). One strategies devised exploit benefits is represented by inoculation selected isolates, either single species or mixture. Here, for first time, microbiota commercial inoculum was identified characterized, using polyphasic approach, i.e. combination culture-dependent analyses metagenomic sequencing. Overall, 276 bacterial genera were Illumina high-throughput sequencing, belonging 165 families, 107 orders 23 phyla, mostly Proteobacteria Bacteroidetes. harboured rich culturable heterotrophic community, whose populations ranged 2.5 6.1 x 106 CFU/mL. isolation functional groups allowed selection 36 strains PGP activities. 14 showed strong IAA and/or production affiliated Actinomycetales (Microbacterium trichotecenolyticum, Streptomyces deccanensis/scabiei), Bacillales (Bacillus litoralis, Bacillus megaterium), Enterobacteriales (Enterobacter), Rhizobiales (Rhizobium radiobacter). This work demonstrates time that an inoculum, obtained following industrial processes, home large diverse community important traits, possibly acting synergy providing additional services benefits. bacteria, available pure culture, could be utilized, individually multispecies consortia AMF, biofertilizers bioenhancers agroecosystems, aimed at minimizing use chemical fertilizers pesticides, primary maintaining health