Circadian rhythms and athletic performance.

摘要: Daily or circadian rhythmical oscillations occur in several physiological and behavioral functions that contribute to athletic performance. These include resting levels of sensory motor, perceptual, cognitive performance neuromuscular, behavioral, cardiovascular, metabolic variables. In addition, rhythms have been reported many indices aerobic capacity, certain variables at different exercise levels, and, a few studies, actual proficiency. Circadian rhythmicity components can be modulated by workload, psychological stressors, motivation, "morningness/eveningness" differences, social interaction, lighting, sleep disturbances, the "postlunch dip" phenomenon, altitude, dietary constituents, gender, age. significantly influence depending upon time day which endeavor takes place. Disturbance resulting from transmeridian flight across zones result fatigue, malaise, disturbance, gastrointestinal problems, deterioration susceptible individuals (circadian dysrhythmia "jet-lag"). Factors influencing degree impairment duration readaptation direction flight, rhythm synchronizer intensity, constituents timing meals, individual factors such as morningness/eveningness, personality traits, motivation. It is intent authors increase awareness rhythmic influences physiology provide scientific data base for human system so coaches athletes make reasonable decisions reduce negative impact jet-lag facilitate following travel.