The absence of reward induces inequity aversion in dogs

摘要: One crucial element for the evolution of cooperation may be sensitivity to others' efforts and payoffs compared with one's own costs gains. Inequity aversion is thought driving force behind unselfish motivated punishment in humans constituting a powerful device enforcement cooperation. Recent research indicates that non-human primates refuse participate cooperative problem-solving tasks if they witness conspecific obtaining more attractive reward same effort. However, little known about non-primate species, although inequity also expected other species. Here, we investigated whether domestic dogs show toward rewards received giving paw an experimenter on command pairs dogs. We found differences tested without food presence rewarded partner both baseline condition (both partners rewarded) asocial control situation (no reward, no partner), indicating matters. Furthermore, showed it was not second dog but fact responsible change subjects' behavior. In contrast primate studies, did react quality or Our results suggest species than at least primitive version aversion, which precursor sophisticated joint interactions.