Glycolipid Antigens and Genetic Markers

摘要: The classical immunological phenomena described as species specificity and tissue were intensively studied in the early part of this century. Some these antigens identified “lipoid,” namely, those extractable with ethanol or ethanol-ether mixtures, had extremely complex chemical composition containing phosphorus, nitrogen, sugars, other constituents.(1,2) These properties considered to be equivalent type- specific bacteria that are currendy known “lipopolysaccharides.” In studies, heterologous antisera prepared against whole homogenates, reactions observed between alcohol-soluble fraction cells tissues by complement-fixation tests (for reviews, see Landsteiner,(3) Day,(4) Rapport Graf(12)). “alcohol-soluble antigens” not immunogenic unless they mixed co-injected carrier proteins (“Schlepper”).(5) Thus, serological concept “lipid hapten” was well established during Landsteiner era, although structures haptens far from being known.