Application of computational aerodynamics to airplane design

摘要: OMPUTATIONAL aerodynamics has been defined as the engineering discipline which deals with simulation of flowfields about aircraft through numerical solution equations fluid motion using digital computers This process is referred to flow simulation; another way simulating airplanes wind tunnel Wind technology almost old aeronautics; testing became principal tool aerodynamic design and development very early in history airplane Of course addition ex perimental approach analytical methods based on theory always have used obtain valuable information; but order reduce computational effort a humanly tolerable level, many simplifying assumptions had be introduced These simplifications not only do mathematical modeling physical problem e g inviscid incompressible they also involved geometry configuration condition lifting line concept represent wing simplications did make possible calculation characteristics posed high degree uncertainty accuracy validity results Therefore these could guidelines large emphasis placed The advent computer impressive growth its capabilities cost effectiveness—as illustrated Fig 1—now made it eliminate that increased amount formation can extracted from at same time provides more greater range for turned into major paper surveys use Much work fundamentally scientific nature con cerned what type feasible within boundaries our knowledge physics algorithms aspects i e. elements are practical an environment where schedule budget constraints predominate multidisciplinary teraction life particularly factors affect effectiveness such Even though system subject this survey presented here necessity, selective consequently incomplete main intent highlight those important application form taken indicate future developments considered necessary increase general utility Three dimensionality geometrical complexity efficiency stressed overdriving considerations First some needs projects discussed; context particular attention given meaning identification code Next part typical identified; how impact affected by addressed subsequently author drawn freely Lockheed California Company illustrate points; he indebted his colleagues