Smart mechanosensing machineries enable migration of vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis-relevant 3D matrices.

摘要: At the early stage of atherosclerosis, neointima is formed due to migration vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from media intima. VSMCs are surrounded by highly adhesive 3D matrices. They take specific strategies cross various matrices in media, including heterogeneous collagen and mechanically-strong basement membrane. Migration potentially caused biomechanical mechanism. Most vitro studies focus on cell 2D substrates response biochemical factors. How move through under action mechanosensing machineries remains unexplored. In this review, we propose that several interesting tension-dependent act as “tractor”— posterior myosin II accumulation, “wrecker” – anterior podosome maintaining, power ahead. embedded may accumulate a minor isoform, IIB, at rear. Anisotropic IIB distribution creates rear, polarizes body, pushes nucleus reshapes cooperates with uniformly-distributed IIA propel forward. On other hand, matrix digestion further promote when becomes denser. Actomyosin tension activates Src induce soft retain integrity steadily digest matrix.