Evolution of Massive Stars with Pulsation-driven Superwinds During the Red Supergiant Phase

摘要: Pulsations driven by partial ionization of hydrogen in the envelope are often considered important for driving winds from red supergiants (RSGs). In particular, it has been suggested some authors that pulsation growth rate an RSG can be high enough to trigger unusually strong wind (or a superwind), when luminosity-to-mass ratio becomes sufficiently large. Using both hydrostatic and hydrodynamic stellar evolution models with initial masses ranging 15 40 M ☉, we investigate (1) how depends on global parameters supergiant stars (2) what would consequences pulsation-driven superwind, if occurred, late stages massive star evolution. We suggest such superwind history marked runaway increase, followed sudden decrease, wind's mass-loss rate. The impact substantial, losing huge fraction their H-envelope even significantly lower mass than previously predicted. This might explain observed lack Type II-P supernova (SN) progenitors having higher about 17 ☉. also discuss possible implications subset IIn SNe.