Synthesis of Tin Oxide Nanocrystalline Phases Via Use of Tin (II) Halide Precursors

摘要: Nanocrystalline tin oxides are synthesized via precipitation from heated solutions as well a novel above-solution vapor deposition route that occurs at low temperatures and atmospheric pressure. Crystalline phases characterized powder X-ray diffraction. Samples precipitated reactions of SnCl2 found to exist primarily mixtures tetragonal SnO SnO2 or tin(II) oxyhydroxide (Sn6O4(OH)4), depending on reaction conditions. A mixed tin(II)/tin(IV) sample is shown produce rarely observed form the intermediate oxide Sn3O4 upon annealing in air 600 °C. SnBr2 exclusively forms precipitation. Variation solvent composition with result below 160 The average crystallite sizes vapor-deposited material ≈3 nm grow slowly heating. Partially hydrolyzed SnBr4 proposed based variations precursor/...