Integrated research in natural resources: the key role of problem framing.

摘要: Clark, Roger N.; Stankey, George H. 2006. Integrated research in natural resources: the key role of problem framing. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-678. Portland, OR. U.S. Department Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 63 p. is about achieving holistic understanding complex biophysical and social issues problems. It driven by need to improve such systems resource management using results integrated processes. Traditional tends fragment problems, focusing more on pieces problems rather than whole that comprises multiple interrelationships interactions. The outcome a lot known parts (e.g., recreation, fish, wildlife) but relatively little how they are interrelated. There seems be general agreement questions must drive search for understanding, tradition, inertia, institutional culture, budgets, training, lack effective leadership foster reductionism (at worst) or minimal degrees integration best) any substantial, sustainable effort toward research. In this paper, phased approach framing addressing substantial barriers impede efforts discussed. A conclusion make significant progress comprehensive will require rhetoric. Progress begin with throughout various levels organizations.