Exploiting natural anti-tumor immunity for metastatic renal cell carcinoma

摘要: Clinical observations of spontaneous disease regression in some renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients implicate a role for tumor immunity controlling this disease. Puzzling, however, are findings that high levels infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) common to RCC. Despite expression activation markers by TILs, functional impairment innate and adaptive immune cells has been consistently demonstrated contributing the failure system control Immunotherapy can overcome immunosuppressive effects provide an opportunity long-term free survival. Unfortunately, complete response rates remain sub-optimal indicating effectiveness immunotherapy remains limited tumor-specific factors and/or types inhibit antitumor responses. Here we discuss immunotherapies function multiple components achieve effective response. Understanding these complex interactions is essential rationally develop novel therapies capable renewing system's ability respond tumors.