Lipid phosphate phosphatases regulate signal transduction through glycerolipids and sphingolipids.

摘要: Abstract Lipid phosphate esters including lysophosphatidate (LPA), phosphatidate (PA), sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide (C1P) are bioactive in mammalian cells serve as mediators of signal transduction. LPA S1P present biological fluids activate through stimulation their respective G-protein-coupled receptors, LPA1–3 S1P1–5. stimulates fibroblast division is important wound repair. It also active maintaining the growth ovarian cancers. chemotaxis, proliferation differentiation vascular endothelial smooth muscle an participant angiogenic response neovessel maturation. PA C1P believed to act primarily inside cell where they facilitate vesicle transport. The lipid phosphates substrates for a family phosphatases (LPPs) that dramatically alter signaling balance between dephosphorylated products. In case PA, C1P, products diacylglycerol (DAG), ceramide, respectively. These latter lipids and, thus, LPPs change signals receives. integral membrane proteins both outside cell. “ecto-activity” regulates circulating locally effective concentrations S1P. Conversely, internal activity controls relative accumulation or by various agonists thereby affecting downstream EDG other receptors. This article will review discuss how these enzymes could regulate transduction mediators.