作者: Antonio Cittadini , Serafino Fazio , Luigi Sacca
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5163-8_20
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摘要: Heart failure represents the final common pathway of most cardiovascular disorders. Its annual incidence amounts to 400.000 new cases in United States and recent estimates indicate that two million patients are currently being treated for this condition (1). The only drugs have demonstrated reduce mortality controlled clinical trials angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (2) and, recently, β-blocker Carvedilol (3), whereas digitalis reduces hospitalization rate (4). Despite proven efficacy these drugs, prognosis heart still remains poor.