Simulated wetland conservation-restoration effects on water quantity and quality at watershed scale.

摘要: Wetlands are one of the most important watershed microtopographic features that affect hydrologic processes (e.g., routing) and fate transport constituents sediment nutrients). Efforts to conserve existing wetlands and/or restore lost require watershed-level effects on water quantity quality be quantified. Because monitoring approaches usually cost or logistics prohibitive at scale, distributed models such as Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), enhanced by equivalent wetland (HEW) concept developed Wang [Wang, X., Yang, W., Melesse, A.M., 2008. Using within SWAT estimate streamflow in watersheds with numerous wetlands. Trans. ASABE 51 (1), 55–72.], can a best resort. However, there is serious lack information about simulated using this kind integrated modeling approach. The objective study was use HEW assess restoration Broughton's Creek located southwestern Manitoba, conservation upper portion Otter Tail River northwestern Minnesota. results indicated allows nonlinear functional relations between characteristics size morphology) accurately represented models. loss first 10–20% Minnesota area would drastically increase peak discharge loadings sediment, total phosphorus (TP), nitrogen (TN). On other hand, justifiable reductions TP, TN Manitoba may 50–80% restored. Further, comparison predicted revealed seems deserve higher priority while both equally important.