作者: Catharine A. Winstanley , Peter Olausson , Jane R. Taylor , J. David Jentsch
DOI: 10.1111/J.1530-0277.2010.01215.X
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摘要: Drug use disorders are often accompanied by deficits in the capacity to efficiently process reward-related information and monitor, suppress, or override reward-controlled behavior when goals conflict with aversive immediate outcomes. This emerging deficit behavioral flexibility impulse control may be a central component of progression addiction, as becomes increasingly driven drugs drug-associated cues at expense more advantageous activities. Understanding how neural mechanisms implicated affected addictive therefore prove useful strategy search for new treatment options. Animal models impulsivity addiction could make significant contribution this endeavor. Here, some common paradigms used measure different aspects across species outlined, importance response reward-paired such is discussed. Naturally occurring differences forms have been found predictive future drug self-administration, but exposure can also increase impulsive responding. Such data keeping suggestion that contribute multiple stages within spiral addiction. From neurobiological perspective, converging evidence from rat, monkey, human studies suggest compromised functioning orbitofrontal cortex critically cognitive sequelae abuse. Changes gene transcription protein expression region provide insight into mechanism underlying drug-induced cortical hypofunction, reflecting molecular targets uncontrolled drug-seeking drug-taking behavior.