Mechanisms and measurement of dyspnea in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

摘要: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) describe their breathlessness as related to the work and effort associated breathing. Current evidence suggests that perception of dyspnea is due a “mismatch” between outgoing motor command from central nervous system corresponding afferent information chemoreceptors and/or mechanoreceptors. To measure severity principles psychophysics (stimulus → response relationship) can be applied. One approach consider activities daily living putative stimulus. Although this method relies on patient recall description tasks, ability function, well time complete an activity, select clinical instruments have demonstrated appropriate measurement criteria in randomized trials involving patients COPD. Another for report intensity during exercise, current practice provide ratings each minute “on cue...